Search results for "Heat flow"

showing 10 items of 10 documents

Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Energy Conscious Building Design

1987

Since the beginning of energy crisis many design tools have been developed in order to enable the designer to cope with energy consumption in buildings. These tools are of different kind: from very sophisticated simulation models to simplified (often too much) methods. Each of them offers various advantages and disadvantages, and it is up to the designer to choose among them.

Computer scienceOrder (business)Simulation modelingThermal comfortEnergy consumptionBuilding designHeat flowEnergy (signal processing)Reliability engineering
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A Computer-Controlled Experimental Facility for the Investigation of High Rayleigh Number Free Convection in Enclosures

1999

EnclosureFree convectionHeat flow meterSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Lithosphere Structure, Heat Flow, Gravity, and Other Geoparameters in Central Europe

1991

To clarify structure and evolution of Central European lithosphere, an approach is taken which combines several methods: multivariate statistical data analysis and modelling of data sets, as geology, crustal structure, seismic travel times, heat flow, gravity, geoid heights, topography, vertical motions and unloading affects.

Gravity (chemistry)LithosphereGeoidStructure (category theory)GeophysicsMultivariate statisticalHeat flowGeologyBouguer anomalyMantle plume
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Heat transport of helium II in restricted geometries

1979

The linear heat transport of helium II contained in porous powder samples with mean pore diameters of 1.25µm, 0.17µm and 0.02µm was systematically studied in the temperature range between 0.8 K and 2 K. The effective thermal conductivity was determined by steady-state heat flow measurements and the effective thermal diffusivity by transitory temperature measurements. The experimental results are interpreted by a simple theoretical model. In the framework of this model the linear heat transport consists of two contributions: the laminar flow of the normal fluid (T≳1.4 K) and a diffusion mechanism (T≲1.4 K). At low temperatures (T≲1.2 K) the mean free paths of the elementary excitations of he…

Materials scienceThermal conductivityThermal resistanceHeat transferThermodynamicsRate of heat flowLaminar flowHeat transfer coefficientCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionThermal diffusivityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter and Quanta
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Heat Flow on Metric Measure Spaces

2020

In order to develop a second-order differential calculus on spaces with curvature bounds we need to make use of the regularising effects of the heat flow, to which this chapter is dedicated.

Order (business)Metric (mathematics)Applied mathematicsDifferential calculusCurvatureMeasure (mathematics)Heat flowMathematics
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Software for the heat flow evaluation of the nearly-zero houses

2015

The windows in a building are the weakest part for energy saving and reduced consumption. In particular, the choice of window frames and glazing systems directly influences the amount of heat loss through a houses envelope. The paper will show the results of a work developed by PADesign srl company (Accademic Spin off of the Università degli Studi di Palermo). This is a software tool that allows a rapid comparison about the windows thermal performances, by calculating the global thermal transmittance and by showing the trend of the heat flow. The tool has a simple graphical interface that allows the users to select the climate data, the window typologies, the geometric features and the mate…

Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura Tecnicaenergy-efficiency sustainability U-value heat flow energy savings envelopeEfficienza Energetica Progettazione Sostenibile Risparmio Energetico Involucro Edilizio
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Heat production of frogs under normoxic and hypoxic conditions: A microcalorimetric study using a gas flow system

1991

Abstract Heat production of male frogs, Rana temporaria , was measured in a microcalorimeter through which a continuous flow of gas was passed in order to generate constant normoxic, hypoxic or anoxic conditions. The normoxic heat flow was 163 ± 37 μ W g body weight in frogs that had not been treated with curare and 149 ± 69 μ W g in animals immobilized with curare. During anoxia, frogs, whether curarized or not, decreased their heat production to about 25% of the respective normoxic control. In graded hypoxia (10% to 3% O 2 ), curarized frogs decreased their heat rate according to the grade of hypoxia they were subjected to.

biologyChemistryContinuous flowCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationAnoxic watersFlow systemCurareAnimal scienceSalientiamedicineGRENOUILLEPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInstrumentationThermogenesisHeat flowmedicine.drugThermochimica Acta
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Hypoxia and anoxia in insects: microcalorimetric studies on two species (Locusta migratoria and Manduca sexta) showing different degrees of anoxia to…

1995

Abstract Microcalorimetry was used to study the effects of graded hypoxia and anoxia on two species of insects that differ in their tolerance of anoxia. Locusts (Locusta migratoria) can survive an atmosphere of pure nitrogen for not more than 4 h (at room temperature), whereas hawk moths (Manduca sexta) can recover from more than 24 h of anoxia. To produce graded hypoxia, air and pure nitrogen were mixed and this mixture was passed through the cells of a twin calorimeter equipped with circulation cells. A gas flow containing 2% or more of oxygen had no significant effect on behaviour (as observed in parallel experiments using transparent cells) or heat flow rate. If oxygen content was reduc…

biologyChemistrySphingidaeHypoxia (environmental)chemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationAnoxic watersOxygenManduca sextaBiophysicsLimiting oxygen concentrationRate of heat flowPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryManducaInstrumentationThermochimica Acta
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Analysis of gate freeze-off time in injection molding

2004

Gate solidification time is an important topic in injection molding technology, as it determines cycle time, which itself is an important issue in the economics of the production process. In this work, a study of the effect of both gate and cavity geometries on gate solidification time was conducted, using a commercial polymer, injection molded with constant holding pressure into a rectangular cavity. Three cavity lengths were used, and for each, two cavity thicknesses were adopted. Spe- cial dies containing different gates were assembled in the mold. Gate thickness was found to be the most important factor determining gate sealing time. However, the cavity geometry is also quite important.…

chemistry.chemical_classificationWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsTime evolutionMechanical engineeringGeneral ChemistryPolymerMolding (process)Mechanicsmedicine.disease_causeVolumetric flow ratechemistryMoldMaterials ChemistrymedicineInjection Molding ModelingOff timeHeat flow
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